Hepatitis C Virus and Vaccine Development

Document Type : Review Article

Authors
1 Department of Microbiology, Qom branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom 37185-364, Iran
2 National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Department of Molecular Genetics, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, Iran
4 Department of Otolaryngology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
5 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
Abstract
The prevalence of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is approximately 3% around the world. This virus causes chronic
hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The effectiveness of interferon-α and ribavirin therapy is
about 50% and is associated with significant toxicity and cost. Hence, generating new vaccines or drugs is an
obligation. However, there is no vaccine available for clinical use. DNA vaccines have some advantages such as
producing feasibility and generating intensive cellular and humoral immune responses. Activation and
improvement of natural immune defense mechanisms is a necessity for the development of an effective HCV
vaccine. This article discusses the current status of therapies for hepatitis C, the promising new therapies and the
experimental strategies to develop an HCV vaccine.
Keywords