Should We Perform Semen Analysis, DNA Fragmentation, and Hypo-osmotic Swelling Tests together?

Semen analysis, sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) and hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOST) are usually
performed for the evaluation of sperm fertilizing ability. There are some debates over the necessity of SDF and
HOST incorporation in male infertility work-up.Semen of 77 men was evaluated by SDF and HOST through
three semen analyses. Sperm parameters were arranged into different categories: <5%, 5-15%, >15% for normal
morphology; <50%, 50-70%, >70 % for motility; and <10, 10-20, 21-34, 35-50, >50 million/ml for
concentration. SDF analysis was performed and values under 30% were assumed to be normal. Normal range of
HOST was considered to be >60%.Only normal sperm morphology had significant relationship with DF rate
(P<0.001). Normal morphology, motility, and concentration of sperms had significant relationship with HOST
(P<0.001, 0.05, and <0.003,respectively). There was a significant negative correlation between sperm
morphology and DF rate. The correlations between sperm parameters and percentage of HOST were
significantly positive (r: 0.44, 0.19, and 0.32 for morphology, motility, and concentration, respectively).
Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) showed that sperm morphology is a strong predictor of the rate of
DF and HOST (accuracy: 0.74‚ and 0.81, respectively). The best sperm morphology cut off point for DF and
HOST rate prediction was 4.5% and 5.5%, respectively.Sperm morphology had significant correlation with DF
rate and HOST and is supposed to be a predictor for these tests. Performing these three tests collectively for
evaluation of semen samples would not be necessarily required in all cases.