Document Type : Review Article
Authors
1
Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
2
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
3
Private Dental Clinic, Shahrebabak, Kerman, Iran.
4
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Alborz, Iran.
5
Pharmacy College, Alnoor University, Mosul, Iraq.
6
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Abstract
Oral squamous cell cancer (OSCC) is a major global health issue, ranking sixth in
prevalence, particularly in Asia. The diagnosis often occurs late due to inadequate
early screening, resulting in a dismal five-year survival rate of around 50%. This
document provides a comprehensive analysis of drug-based treatments for oral
cavity carcinoma, focusing on chemotherapy, immune modulation, and novel
approaches like nanoparticle therapies. Despite advancements in these methods,
drug resistance remains a significant obstacle that adversely affects patient
outcomes. The research highlights the critical role of long ncRNAs in the
progression and treatment of OSCC. These long ncRNAs, which are over 200
nucleotides long, play essential roles in gene regulation and tumor growth,
including mechanisms of drug resistance. Some long ncRNAs may promote or
inhibit tumor development and influence the effectiveness of anti-cancer drugs like
cisplatin. Additionally, the review explores how the tumor microenvironment and
immune responses interact, suggesting that inflammation may accelerate the
progression of oral cancer. By synthesizing insights from extensive literature, this
review clarifies the complex relationship between long ncRNAs and OSCC
treatment. The study aimed to improve treatment efficacy and increase survival
rates for patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma by identifying potential
therapeutic targets. The findings underscore the importance of integrating
molecular insights into treatment strategies to combat drug resistance and enhance
patient outcomes in oral cancer therapy.
Keywords: Oral squamous cell cancer, Metastasis, long ncRNAs, pathways,
treatment
Keywords