From Bench to Bedside: Translating Research on miR-138 miR-195-5p andLong Non-Coding RNA H19 into Therapeutic Applications of OrthodonticTooth Movement

Document Type : Review Article

Authors
Dorsa Nikeghbal 1
Sajjad Rostamzadeh 2
Sarah Qutaiba Badraldeen 3
Soroor Soltani 4
Mahmoudi Anzabi 5
Sahar Ghanbaran 6
Fatemeh Abedi Diznab 7
1  Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
2 Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
3  Pharmacy College, Alnoor University, Mosul, Iraq.
4  School of Dentistry, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
5  Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
6 Department of Endodontics School of Dentistry.Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.
7  Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
10.22088/IJMCM.BUMS.14.3.949
Abstract
This research investigates the roles of microRNAs (miR-138, miR-195-5p) and the long
non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 in orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). A literature
review using databases such as PubMed and Scopus identified 148 articles, which were
subsequently narrowed down to 61 unique studies after duplicate removal. The findings
underscore the significance of mechanical stimulation in bone metabolism and the
complex biological mechanisms of OTM, with a focus on the functions of osteoblasts and
osteoclasts. The study aimed to elucidate the expression patterns of non-coding RNA and
microRNA in response to orthodontic force, potentially revealing new clinical methods to
enhance the safety of orthodontic treatment. Additionally, it examines the therapeutic roles
of miRNAs in orthodontics, specifically their influence on inflammation and bone
regeneration. Notably, recent evidence has suggested miR-138 may inhibit osteogenesis,
indicating its potential role in regulating bone remodeling during OTM, as mechanical
forces affect both alveolar bone and periodontal tissues. Furthermore, miR-195-5p has
been shown to directly interact with crucial osteogenic proteins, such as
Wingless/Integrated 3 A (WNT3A), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), and bone
morphogenetic protein receptor type 1A (BMPR1A). By downregulating these proteins,
miR-195-5p negatively impacts essential osteogenic pathways related to bone formation
and stability. The cyclic strain was found to upregulate lncRNA H19 while downregulating
miR-138, promoting osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. This review outlines the complex
regulatory networks involving these molecules, contributing to an understanding of OTM
in dental and skeletal health, and aims to enhance treatment outcomes for malocclusion.

Keywords
miR-138
miR-195-5p
long non-coding RNA H19
OTM
Therapeutic aspects