FTO gene polymorphisms SNP rs9939609 and rs1421085 as Risk Factors forHigh Visceral Fat: A Systematic Review Study

Document Type : Review Article

Authors
Agustinus I Wayan Harimawan 1
Desak Made Wihandani 2
Ni Wayan Jayanti Pradnyandari 1
1 Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ngoerah Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia.
2 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia.
10.22088/IJMCM.BUMS.15.1.1250
Abstract
Fat build-up can lead to inflammation, which in turn exacerbates health conditions and
intensifies complications associated with obesity. This is also related to obesity related
gene factors, the FTO gene, which is thought to increase visceral fat. This review
investigates the relationship between FTO gene polymorphisms rs9939609 and
rs1421085 and visceral fat accumulation. A systematic review was carried out through
searches in PubMed, Science Direct, and Cochrane databases, from the index date from
2010 to October 2024. Studies with case control, cohort, and cross-sectional designs that
discussed the relationship between FTO gene polymorphisms rs9939609 and rs1421085
and increased risk of visceral fat in obese patients were included in this study. This study
included 19.732 samples from 11 cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies. Five
studies revealed that the A allele of rs9939609 and the T allele of rs1421085 were
significantly associated with increased visceral fat levels. Findings on the involvement of
FTO gene polymorphisms rs9939609 and rs1421085 in visceral fat risk remain
inconclusive and warrant further investigation. Therefore, we as researchers support
further research that includes the role of this gene in visceral fat using analysis so that it
can confirm more precise results in statistics.

Keywords
Obesity
Fat mass
Obesity related gene
FTO polymorphism
rs9939609
rs1421085
Visceral fat